As the digital world continues to expand, the demands on data centers grow exponentially. At the heart of this growth is Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly the new wave of deep learning and transformer models like GPT and MT-NLG, which require immense computational power. To meet these demands, data centers must adopt advanced infrastructure, and fiber optic technology is increasingly becoming the backbone of AI infrastructure. Given that a single server rack could have hundreds of connections, selecting the right cable is critical to ensure the performance needed to support AI technology. The Importance of Bandwidth in AI AI's rise has transformed how data flows within data centers. Traditionally, network traffic primarily flowed between servers and end users. However, AI workloads have shifted this dynamic, significantly increasing traffic between servers and racks. This shift necessitates short-range, high-speed connections with minimal latency. As AI continues to evolve, the need for higher bandwidth becomes more critical. Low latency is essential to ensure the rapid processing of large datasets, making fiber optics a preferred choice over copper cables. Fiber optics offer lower latency and higher bandwidth capabilities, making them ideal for AI workloads, which require quick and efficient data transfer between interconnected servers. Copper Cables Fiber Cables Bandwidth Up to 40 Gbps (CAT8) Up to 1.6 Tbps Signal Reach Up to 100 meters Up to 120 km *Based on Ethernet Standards Currently, some of the largest AI data centers operate with network infrastructure supporting 400/800Gbps, with plans to adopt even faster technologies. Even smaller data centers benefit from fiber optics, with bandwidths ranging from 1Gbps to 100Gbps, ensuring scalable and future-proof solutions. Single Mode vs. Multimode Fiber Single Mode Fiber: High Performance for Long Distances Single Mode Fiber (SMF) is a cornerstone of modern AI infrastructure. Classified into OS1 and OS2, SMF is tailored for long-distance communication. OS2, in particular, offers higher bandwidth and less signal attenuation compared to OS1, making it better suited for high-bandwidth or long-distance applications. Importantly, OS2 is fully backward compatible with OS1, ensuring a seamless transition as data centers upgrade their infrastructure. Multimode Fiber: Cost-Effective and Efficient for Shorter Distances While Single Mode Fiber excels over long distances, Multimode Fiber (MMF) provides a cost-effective alternative for shorter distances. Classified into OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, and OM5, each type of MMF offers different benefits. For example, OM5 Wide Band Multimode Fiber (WBMMF) is optimized for high-speed data center applications, offering more effective bandwidth over longer distances compared to OM4. Like OS2 with OS1, OM5 is fully backward compatible with OM4 and OM3, providing flexibility and scalability. The Crucial Role of Connectors in Fiber Optic Systems Connectors are integral to any fiber optic system, overseeing the transmission of signals carried by fiber cables. Selecting the right type of connector is crucial, as it influences the overall performance and reliability of the network. Fiber connector options include: LC (Lucent/Little) Connectors: Used with both single-mode and multimode fiber-optic cables, LC connectors are designed for high-density environments, utilizing a single fiber strand per connector. MTP/MPO (Multiple-Fiber Push-On) Connectors: These connectors are specifically designed for multi-fiber cables, supporting both single-mode and multimode fiber-optic cables, making them ideal for high-speed, high-density applications. APC/UPC Fiber Polish: The finish type of fiber polish impacts the return loss characteristics, with APC and UPC providing improved performance over older polishing techniques. However, it's crucial not to mix different finish types, especially in systems using MPO connectors. Multimode Fiber Cable Distance Comparison Chart Fiber Class (Jacket Colour) Effective Modal Bandwidth (MHz-KM) Core/ Cladding Size (um) Maximum Distance** 1Gbps (LC) 10Gbps (LC) 25Gbps (LC) 40Gbps (MPO) 100Gbps (MPO) 400Gbps (MPO) 800Gbps (MPO) OM1 (Orange) 850nm: 200 1300nm: 500 62.5/125 275m 33m N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A OM2 (Orange) 850nm: 500 1300nm: 500 50/125 550m 82m N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A OM3 (Aqua) 850nm: 1500 1300nm: 500 50/125 550m 300m 70m 100m 70m 70m 60m OM4 (Aqua) 850nm: 3500 1300nm: 500 50/125 550m 400m 100m 150m 100m 100m 100m OM5 (Lime Green) 850nm: 3500 953nm: 1850 1300nm: 500 50/125 550m 400m 100m 150m 100m 100m 100m ** Guidelines only. Final number may vary depending on fiber quality, number of interconnects, optical transceiver specification and environment. Singlemode Fiber Cable Distance Comparison Chart Fiber Class (Jacket Colour) Maximum Attenuation Core/ Cladding Size (um) Maximum Distance** 1Gbps (LC) 10Gbps (LC) 25Gbps (LC) 40Gbps (MPO) 100Gbps (MPO) 400Gbps (MPO) 800Gbps (MPO) OS1 (Yellow) 1.0 dB/km 9/125 10km 10km 10km 10km 10km 10km 2km OS2 (Yellow) 0.4 dB/km 9/125 120km 80km 40km 40km 40km 10km 2km ** Guidelines only. Final number may vary depending on fiber quality, number of interconnects, optical transceiver specification and environment. Trust Tested Fiber Cables from StarTech.com At StarTech.com, we recognize the critical role that fiber optics play in supporting Network infrastructure. Our continually expanding lineup of fiber cables includes OM5 and OS2 options, tailored for high-speed applications and individually tested with the test report included to ensure our products meets your requirements. We’ve integrated several special features into our cables to enhance performance and durability: Switchable Duplex LC Connectors: These allow for easy reversal of connector polarity, making them versatile for various applications, including use in fiber patch panels. Push-Pull Tab Mechanism: This feature simplifies the connection and disconnection of individual cables, even in densely packed patch panels or switches. Aramid Fiber Reinforcement: Our cables are designed for longevity, with aramid fiber reinforcement to resist damage from pulling, bending, and crushing, ensuring they withstand the rigors of installation and long-term use. As AI continues to push the boundaries of data processing, the importance of robust, high-speed, and low-latency network infrastructure cannot be overstated. Fiber optic technology, with its superior bandwidth and low latency, is essential for supporting the next generation of AI workloads. At StarTech.com, we are committed to providing the best fiber optic cables to meet the growing demands of data centers, ensuring our customers are well-equipped for the future. As the demand for high-performance fiber optics grows, our product lineup continues to evolve, with new products and configurations constantly being released to meet the diverse needs of IT professionals. Check out StarTech.com's ever growing line-up of fiber optic cable options here.